Gynecomastia is a benign growth of the mammary gland in men. It should be distinguished from pseudogynecomastia (lipomastia) in which the male breast grows due to the increased production of adipose tissue and not the mammary gland. The distinction is easily made by USG of the breast. It affects almost 60% of men. It is most often the result of a change in the ratio of testosterone to estrogen, which is what the mammary gland tissue reacts to. We distinguish between physiological gynecomastia (children, puberty, aging) and pathological (cirrhosis of the liver, kidney failure, hyperthyroidism, anorexia, testicular loss, breast cancer, Klinefelter's syndrome, etc.) and chemical (antidepressants, antibiotics, marijuana, heroin, long-term alcohol consumption, steroids, etc.). Surgical treatment of gynecomastia usually means a periareolar incision (incision around the pigmented part of the nipple), which most often bothers bodybuilders who have the problem of gynecomastia due to the use of anabolic steroids in order to rapidly increase muscle mass.
The Academy of Plastic Surgery, during its continuous cooperation with plastic surgeons in America and Canada, is the first in Croatia to present an operation to remove gynecomastia without scars (List F. method, plastic surgeon, Toronto, Canada). It is not pseudogynecomastia and removal by liposuction, but gynecomastia (growth of mammary glands and not just fat) but still without a scar around the areola of the breast. For bodybuilders and everyone else who is bothered by the scar, it is definitely the surgery of choice.